MOOD publications

@article{nokey,

title = {The Spatial Distribution of Crimean–Congo Haemorrhagic Fever and Its Potential Vectors in Europe and Beyond},

author = {Jane Paula Messina and William G R Wint},

url = {https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/14/9/771},

doi = {10.3390/insects14090771},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-09-17},

urldate = {2023-09-17},

journal = {Insects},

volume = {14},

number = {771},

abstract = {Crimean–Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is considered to be spreading across the globe, with many countries reporting new human CCHF cases in recent decades including Georgia, Türkiye, Albania, and, most recently, Spain. We update a human CCHF distribution map produced in 2015 to include global disease occurrence records to June 2022, and we include the recent records for Europe. The predicted distributions are based on long-established spatial modelling methods and are extended to include all European countries and the surrounding areas. The map produced shows the environmental suitability for the disease, taking into account the distribution of the most important known and potential tick vectors Hyalomma marginatum and Hyalomma lusitanicum, without which the disease cannot occur. This limits the disease’s predicted distribution to the Iberian Peninsula, the Mediterranean seaboard, along with Türkiye and the Caucasus, with a more patchy suitability predicted for inland Greece, the southern Balkans, and extending north to north-west France and central Europe. These updated CCHF maps can be used to identify the areas with the highest probability of disease and to therefore target areas where mitigation measures should currently be focused.},

note = {This article is a version of the ECDC Technical report ‘The spatial distribution of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever in Europe and neighbouring areas’ adapted for journal publication},

keywords = {CCHF (Crimean Congo haemorrhagic fever virus), OpenDataSet},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{@article{bernardsystematic,

title = {Systematic Review on Crimean–Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Enzootic Cycle and Factors Favoring Virus Transmission: Special Focus on France, an Apparently Free-Disease Area in Europe},

author = {Celia Bernard and Philippe Holzmuller and Madiou Thierno Bah and Matthieu Bastien and Benoit Combes and Ferran Jori and Vladimir Grosbois and Laurence Vial},

url = {https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2022.932304/full?&utm_source=Email_to_authors_&utm_medium=Email&utm_content=T1_11.5e1_author&utm_campaign=Email_publication&field=&journalName=Frontiers_in_Veterinary_Science&id=932304},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2022.932304},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-07-19},

urldate = {2022-07-19},

journal = {Frontiers in Veterinary Science},

pages = {973},

abstract = {Crimean–Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a viral zoonotic disease resulting in hemorrhagic syndrome in humans. Its causative agent is naturally transmitted by ticks to non-human vertebrate hosts within an enzootic sylvatic cycle. Ticks are considered biological vectors, as well as reservoirs for CCHF virus (CCHFV), as they are able to maintain the virus for several months or even years and to transmit CCHFV to other ticks. Although animals are not symptomatic, some of them can sufficiently replicate the virus, becoming a source of infection for ticks as well as humans through direct contact with contaminated body fluids. The recent emergence of CCHF in Spain indicates that tick–human interaction rates promoting virus transmission are changing and lead to the emergence of CCHF. In other European countries such as France, the presence of one of its main tick vectors and the detection of antibodies targeting CCHFV in animals, at least in Corsica and in the absence of human cases, suggest that CCHFV could be spreading silently. In this review, we study the CCHFV epidemiological cycle as hypothesized in the French local context and select the most likely parameters that may influence virus transmission among tick vectors and non-human vertebrate hosts. For this, a total of 1,035 articles dating from 1957 to 2021 were selected for data extraction. This study made it possible to identify the tick species that seem to be the best candidate vectors of CCHFV in France, but also to highlight the importance of the abundance and composition of local host communities on vectors' infection prevalence. Regarding the presumed transmission cycle involving Hyalomma marginatum, as it might exist in France, at least in Corsica, it is assumed that tick vectors are still weakly infected and the probability of disease emergence in humans remains low. The likelihood of factors that may modify this equilibrium is discussed.},

keywords = {CCHF (Crimean Congo haemorrhagic fever virus), OpenDataSet},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}